Mathematical foundations of modeling economic indicators

Abstract

This paper describes the mathematical foundations for modeling multidimensional economic indicators that form a linear space with mathematical operations defined therein, such as addition and multiplication. The concept of factors is introduced as an enumerated type of possible values, as well as the concept of indicators that can depend on factors and have a multidimensional structure. We determined the space of factors and the space of measurements in which the basic arithmetic operations are identified and their properties are proved. Examples of modeling real economic indicators are given on the example of calculating the cost of services for the transportation of goods by rail. An important advantage of using the described abstract mathematical space of meters is the ability to automatically track the integrality or differentiability of economic indicators in the corresponding economic information systems. The proposed mathematical apparatus can be used to solve various economic problems and to design the structure of an economic information systems’ database. References are given to the results of specific projects carried out in the Republic of Kazakhstan, in which the proposed mathematical apparatus is used.